Meteorological observations may be affected by events unrelated to spatio-temporal variability specific to weather phenomena (errors in transmitting or measuring). Independent of true weather and climate variability and change, changes in the measuring instruments, and the changes in the location or the surroundings of the stations represent another category of factors that can influence meteorological measurements.
Findings of meteorological and climatic studies may be altered when they are based on data sets that contain inhomogeneities. Therefore, in order to reduce or eliminate the false signals from the climatic data series, methods of homogenisation were developed.
The homogenisation and data filling of the unified hourly air temperature data set were performed using the R package climatol: Climate Tools (Series Homogenization and Derived Products). Beside meteorological records, Climatol uses as additional data information about meteorological stations (metadata) as longitude, latitude and altitude.